
The gap between information “haves” and “have-nots” is widening, and there is a real danger that the world’s poor will be excluded from the emerging knowledge-based global economy.
– Kofi A. Annan is the Secretary-General of the United Nations (2002)
The issue of bringing technology to the emerging market has touched me recently as I watch a new client of mine, Ordyn Technologies, move out of India to bring their technologies to emerging markets in the ASEAN region with a vision to bridge the world’s digital divide.
Singapore is surrounded by many emerging nations, many of which have villages with a single telephone, no TV or internet access. Trade for them isn’t eBay or malls, but lugging their farm produce to the village market every morning. There’s a lot that technology can do to help the economy and education of such communities and here’s a list of the most important ones that could make this happen:
1. Affordable mobile phones
Why do the rural population need mobile phones when there’s a village phone? Because there is no infrastructure. In Singapore there are wires underground and in buildings that make sure each home has a phone, but in rural communities laying out these cables can be a costly endevour and telcos fear it may not be profitable. So what happens in a catch 22 situation? Leapfrog and go mobile.
Companies such as Motorola have begun producing basic mobile phones with robust form factors, local language voice prompts for the illiterate, and electrophoretic display so that it can be seen in bright sunlight all for a fraction of the price of our “cheap phones”. Other phone makers are also putting effort into projects such as sub-US$100 3G phones.
2. Affordable computing
Stop hogging all the Eee PCs and let the villagers have them! Computers like the Asus Eee PC and MIT’s OLCP are perfect machines for the emerging markets. Just like mobile telephony, mobile computing works wonders when power supply is hardly consistent to homes, schools, and shops.
Some initiatives are going even further beyond cheap laptops to wireless handhelds like India’s Simputer that gives basic connectivity through a natural touchscreen interface. If the iPhone comes across as “more natural” to our qwerty-addicted selves, how much more would those who have never seen a computer embrace it!
If you want to go a little further, how about a $500 computer that runs off the shelve Mac software? Just kidding. I don’t think they’ll survive long enough to see the emerging markets.
3. Linux
Every computer and mobile phone needs an OS, and where Microsoft doesn’t want to cut prices, we can use Linux. Judging from distros such as Ubuntu and gOS (now looking like the Mac), it is quite obvious that the age old debate of Linux for the desktop is finally over.
On the server side Linux is already king, but its a different story here. Will the big enterprise vendors provide services and support at emerging market prices? Maybe when the local talent can begin to learn the trade. But we’ve got to get them the basics first.
4. WiMAX
WiMAX is like WiFi, only bigger. Much bigger. Think 50KM radius, at 70Mbps. WiMAX is not just for end-user access but can also be used for backhaul which means once again, no expensive digging up the land for cables. Then the question of power comes in again, if there isn’t stable power, how can we keep WiMAX up? The answer lies in solar and other alternative power sources.
WiMAX is also getting support from Intel who has promised to include WiMAX support in its new range of Centrino 2 chipsets to be rolled out this year. But that’s still too new and expensive for the emerging markets, so we should expect for now WiMAX backhaul with WiFi access for OLPC connectivity.
5. Web 2.0
Most people don’t think of emerging markets when they develop their Web 2.0 products, they’re thinking the savvy consumers with camera phones and webcams. True. But once the emerging markets get their Linux laptops and connecting at broadband speeds via WiMAX, where will they head to? Where else but Google!
Don’t expect the illiterate and non-English folks to jump on Facebook, but expect to see Web 2.0 technologies drive their communities for trade, education, communication, and entertainment. Localise Meebo and you’ll be a hit, YouTube in their language could be the first “TV” they watch, etc. The possibilities are endless. We know too well that Web 2.0 and the social media can empower the individual to connect beyond the physical world, this is exactly what the folks in the emerging nations need to close the gap the join the knowledge economy.